Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD)

Characterizing the relationship between the pharmacokinetics (PK, concentration vs. time) and pharmacodynamics (PD, effect vs. time) is an important tool in the discovery and development of new drugs in the pharmaceutical industry.
At SPM-Biocameltec we propose PK and PD studies to support early stages drug discovery process.
Drug Disposition/Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
To evaluate the bioavailability, tissue distribution, active metabolite formation, and elimination of test materials.

• Duration: 6 to 72 hours (depending tested molecule).
• Animals: Rabbit, Dog, Swine or other species (upon customer request).
• Dose and route of administration: Various according to client conditions.
• Parameters: AUC (Area Under Curve), Cmax (max concentration in blood), Tmax (Time Cmax is reached), T_1/2 (compound half of life)….

​Pharmacodynamics
To evaluate the relationship between drug concentration and the resulting effect, including the time course and intensity of therapeutic and adverse effects.

• Duration: few hours to >24h (depending tested molecule).
• Animals: Rabbit, Dog, Swine or other species (upon customer request).
• Dose and route of administration: Various according to client conditions.
• Parameters: Kinetic of the apparition of therapeutic or adverse effects.

In Vivo Absorption Studies
To study percutaneous absorption of drugs or environmental contaminants.

• Duration: 48 to 72 hours.
• Animal System: Rabbit, Dog, Swine or other species (upon customer request).
• Dose and route of administration: 1 or several doses given by subcutaneous, topical (skin on torso), intravaginal administrations.
• Parameters: Absorption rate (quantitation in blood, urine, feces, vaginal fluids, and tissue samples).